Quick answer
To multiply signed numbers, first multiply their absolute values. Then decide the sign.
The sign rules
Positive times positive is positive. Negative times positive is negative. Negative times negative is positive.
Why two negatives make a positive
A consistent number pattern helps: (-2) × 3 = -6; (-2) × 2 = -4; (-2) × 1 = -2; (-2) × 0 = 0; (-2) × (-1) = 2.
Multiply more than two factors
Count negative factors. An even number gives a positive product; an odd number gives a negative product, unless a factor is zero.
Worked examples
(-4) × 3 = -12(-4) × (-3) = 12(-2) × (-3) × (-1) = -6
Common mistake to avoid
Do not apply addition rules to multiplication: -4 × -3 is positive 12, not negative 7.
Practice questions
Try these without looking at the answers first. Explain your reasoning aloud or write each step.
- Question:
(-6) × (-2)— Answer:12 - Question:
(-5) × 4— Answer:-20 - Question:
(-1) × (-2) × (-3)— Answer:-6
What to learn next
Review the related lessons linked below, then practice independently. If you make an error, write down which rule you used and why it did not apply.