Quick answer

Adding negative numbers becomes easier when you separate two situations: numbers with the same sign and numbers with different signs.

Add two negative numbers

Add their absolute values and keep the negative sign. For example, -4 + (-7) = -11 because 4 + 7 = 11.

Add a positive and a negative

Compare the absolute values, subtract the smaller from the larger, and use the sign of the number with the larger absolute value. For example, -9 + 4 = -5, while 9 + (-4) = 5.

Use a number line

Start at the first number. Move right for a positive amount and left for a negative amount. Starting at -3 and moving left 5 spaces ends at -8.

Worked examples

  • -6 + (-2) = -8
  • -12 + 7 = -5
  • 6 + (-11) = -5

Common mistake to avoid

Do not always add the absolute values: -8 + 3 is -5, not -11.

Practice questions

Try these without looking at the answers first. Explain your reasoning aloud or write each step.

  • Question: -5 + (-4) — Answer: -9
  • Question: 10 + (-6) — Answer: 4
  • Question: -7 + 7 — Answer: 0

What to learn next

Review the related lessons linked below, then practice independently. If you make an error, write down which rule you used and why it did not apply.

Explore FitGitt practice.